Dual Core Technology

Introduction: When it comes to processors based on the double, this question appears in our mind: What is the advantage of using dual-core processors? And with the increasing use of dual core processors, this issue is more important than before. dual-core processor more useful for us? What are the advantages and disadvantages the use of dual core processors? and what are the differences between dual-core processors and dual? Intel and AMD dual-core in the micro-architecture. What is the best? I want to try in this paper to answer these questions. Definition of Dual Core and compare them with two processors: a problem for some users who want to buy a system configuration is higher if they want to have two processors in their computers. For video editing, graphics processing of large, multi-threading in applications, or a lot of multitasking the answer is positive. Then the second question is as follows: two separate processors or dual-core processor? Dual or Quad Core processor, which one is best for me? As we know computer manufacturers try to increase the processor speed. However, Duo size, complexity and heat issues, it became increasingly difficult to make faster processors. To further improve performance, she reached a different solution. because with two processors and a motherboard of course, that the support of their accommodation is more expensive. Computer Architecture created other engineers By the way: With two processors, you combine them into a single chip. He may have the power and performance of two processors, but one taken on the motherboard, it is. This price is cheaper, and allows the power of two hearts with a cost that is less than two separate processors. There are differences between brands, mainly Intel and AMD, because they combine two cores on one chip, and the speed of each core that can directly affect what is the performance of a dual-core processor. In addition, you get different types of programs they use different services and different types of dual-core processors that we discuss in this research. A dual processor heart is exactly what we say. It is two processor cores on one die and how a dual-processor in a single processor. The AMD Opteron processor is dual-processor capability, it started. Opteron HyperTransport link further, which we discuss more than designed. HyperTransport technology, a faster data connection, there is more to transmit data between two chips. It does not mean that the chip itself is faster. This means that the possibilities offered by technology on the way for a chip HyperTransport to communicate to the other party. As I explained in a dual-core CPU combines two independent processors in a single package or a single integrated circuit (IC). A dual-processor device contains two independent microprocessors and a quad-core microprocessors and contains four. The cores in a dual-core processors are cache coherent memory cache highest level, we say, L2 cache level, or stock separate caches as AMD dual-core current. Each “core” independently implements optimizations such as: Retrieve, decode, execution, and pipelining Multithreading. A system with N cores is very useful when we N or more threads simultaneously. The technology is also used in other areas of technology today are, especially those of embedded processors, such as network processors in these Applications, multi-core processors with a larger number of processing elements is the use of such days. Section 2: Multi Processing For memory multiprocessing is the use of two or more processors in a computer system. Of course, one of the most important is the system’s ability to support more than one processor and the ability to forgive and to share tasks between them. Multiprocessing sometimes refers to the simultaneous execution of processes in a different programming system. However, multithreading is very well suited to describe this concept, which is usually implemented in software, but multi-processing is involved, to describe the use of multiple processors. Completely may be a multiprocessing system and multiple, one of them, or none of them. Section 3: Scheduling multithreaded Question to research dual-core is really like a computer, when you know to use on each heart. The answer is that the operating system is responsible because it is part of the operating system that we call “Scheduler”. Scheduler to the processor, the program should be executed at any time. This allows different programs can run simultaneously and the processor can switch between them if necessary. While many programs running at the same time, a computer seems slow. If a Dual-Core Processor must be available, resource planning dual processor, working with this. Usually, allowing a certain capacity to love, specifically for a nuclear race a game that is the basis of other “background” things that the rest of the dungeon The system is running. And sometimes the two cores can work on the same program, but when to use the advantage of dual core, that we “call multi-threaded design. It should be noted, however, important that if you run a program, and it is not multi-threaded, you will not receive more than one processor or core. Micro-architecture CPU resources to be divided in three ways: Replicated, partitioned and divided. Section 4: Development While manufacturing technology continues to improve, which has become like the size of each door is an important issue. Some of these changes and physical limitations can be significant heat radiation and provide data synchronization problems. The demand for more capable microprocessors with greater efficiency leads to the CPU usage to designate the different methods to increase performance. Some instruction-level parallelism (ILP) techniques such as pipelining are suitable for many applications, but they are not suitable for others. Many applications and programs are used on thread-level parallelism (TLP) methods and multiple independent processors is a method used to increase a total system of TLP. The increased space available for the development of sophisticated manufacturing processes and demand more TLP is the logic behind the creation of dual core Procesor. Section 5: Two nuclei from single base There are three important definitions and concept, I want to say about it in my Book. Pipeline, cache and bus. This is the explanation that the pipeline of the processor. First, we should know the command data. A load the command processor in a pipeline. This means that the data is in turn a phrase after another established process. shorter pipeline means more jobs will lead pipeline per cycle. However, with a short pipeline, the data faster and faster compensation, which is very important too. This is the main reason for AMD to compete with higher clock speeds of Intel processors. If the processor needs to access and outside of the cache, then the bus must be in the system RAM. Well, if the processor cache is at the same speed as the processor itself works. If it is a 3 GHz processor, then the speed between the cache and processor at 3 GHz. When the processor to communicate and Reach the bus on the main memory, then it should come to slow the bus speed. I mean, a bus speed of 600 MHz is five times slower than the 3GHz. Section 6: Implementation There are different ways between AMD and Intel dual-core. AMD claims that they had this plan the transition to dual-core from 6 years. published on that date, the first Athlon 64 and Opteron. The advantage of AMD is such that the two cores to communicate directly with each other. Intel in another page, put two cores on a single Pentium chip, and when they must communicate with each other, he made the motherboard. Another problem is that Intel did not increase the speed of the FSB or front-side bus, as we know, is the link between the processor and motherboard. It shows that these switched dual-core, and this means that processing power doubles, but they have the bandwidth for each cor

e does not work. The problem of creating a little suspect on the Intel design, and some users believe that Intel does not allow them as powerful as it can be. But Intel’s designers continue to use a faster memory to information, to keep the processor cores. For example, the higher-end chip Intel Pentium Extreme Edition 955chip, it has a higher speed of the FSB, 2MB with a larger cache memory by base and the ability to use hyperthreading. On the other hand, AMD, and not the old model of the FSB. They use a new technology that we call HyperTransport communicate with the chipset and memory system, and they also gave the memory controller chipset Processor. With this new technology, AMD, or more, an advantage, especially with the introduction of dual-core processors. The latest generation of AMD’s processor can use a single core solo or dual channel memory, but we must remember that even if the dual-channel operation doubles the memory speed, but not twice the actual performance of storage for solo-core processors. It shows that the proposed dual-channel only use more bandwidth of a Core Solo can. However, can be used with dual processor heart, any additional bandwidth. Section 7: Benefits In dual processors on one chip, the cache coherency circuitry can be used so that clock frequency much higher than what is possible if the signals travel outside the circuit. This means Combination of two processors on a single chip improves performance of cache snoop cache or searching operations. In other words, the signals travel shorter distances between processors these signals degrade less. These signals allow better and more data to send and receive in a given time when the individual signals are shorter and should not be repeated. Another problem is the consumption of energy in the material. A dual-core processor consumes less power than two processors or two single-core processors. The reason is that to improve the performance necessary to external signals to the chip and drive because the process of silicon allows small cores to operate at lower voltages. The cores share some Circuit, such as the L2 cache and the interface to the FSB (FSB). Section 8: Disadvantages As we learned in computer architecture and operating systems operating system completely try the best use of available material does to the operation of programs to maximize use especially processor and RAM. Also to increase the ability of software to the performance of dual-core processor, but it depends on the use of several Threads in the application or program. For example, most new games run faster on a 3 GHz processor core on a single processor 2 GHz dual-core architecture in the same nucleus. Because they are not capable of having more than one base at a time. Another problem is the heat. In a dual-core processor is more difficult to manage than the thermal low density single-chip processors. From the architectural point of view, we can say that processor designs can make better use of the silicon surface as a dual processor design. In fact, two processor cores share the same system bus and the limitation of memory bandwidth capacity is an advantage. If a single core is about the memory bandwidth is limited to change double heart can not receive an improvement of 30% to 65%. And if the memory bandwidth does not have problems, we can expect 90% improvement. It would be a software or application, using two processors for faster operation possible on a dual-core processor, if communication between the processor has been limited by a factor which is likely to improve over 100% . Section 9: Energy When the policy is known attemping Intel not only the design of faster processors, but also very economical when processors were on the new Core architecture. Therefore, they have started new jobs based on performance per watt. Therefore interesting to see the power of new processors and compared with the previous generation of processors based on the ancient architecture. For a better conclusion, I found a special program to measure the maximum power. He measured the current flowing through the circuit of CPU power. First, you measure the power consumption of the processor in sleep mode. The results are very different, as you can see what is probably due to different models of processors involved. In general, however, the Core 2 Duo can be truly proud of the cheapest power in standby mode. Section 10: features full dual-core processors Now I want my analysis of the performance of Intel processors and new features to evaluate the other processors currently available dual-core details of the parameters that are indirectly related to the closing performance. For this reason, I decided to put a picture of average yield for review. We calculate these parameters as the geometric mean of all normalized results obtained in this test session. As you can see it shows once again the best performance of Intel news. Athlon 64 FX-62, can not compete with Core 2 Duo E6600 and Pentium Extreme Edition 965 can not compete with Core 2 Duo E6400. From the performance perspective gained Core 2 Extreme X6800, Core 2 Duo E6700 and Core 2 Duo E6600 with Intel Core micro-architecture in comparation. Conclusion In fact, we made the most important conclusions on the performance, price and power of dual core processors in this research. Let me just say that Intel really a great company and excellent work with these processors on Core microarchitecture. Of course, I do not mean that AMD has lost in this competition and the market in the world. This company is managed with different methods and policies of their technologies and products. and let us take Intel’s high-end market AMD know, but the cheaper price of AMD causes the mind still a powerful competitor to Intel. Ans so let me say that the Pentium D family that has not lost a bit of Members will continue to be asked. Despite the sharp increases in heating and energy consumption patterns of this family, they will always be a good choice for systems at low prices or at home. As you can see, the transition to Dual-Core is undoubtedly a victory for consumers. Since they to give more business than a dual processor computer, and they may have the same or better performance. It may be the norm for modern computer systems.